- Research in Agricultural Sciences
- Vol: 5 Issue: 4
- ERZİNCAN'DA YETİŞTİRİLEN BAZI ÖNEMLİ ÜZÜM ÇEŞİTLERİNİN FLORAL GELİŞME DEVRELERİNİN TETKİKİ İLE GÖZLE...
ERZİNCAN'DA YETİŞTİRİLEN BAZI ÖNEMLİ ÜZÜM ÇEŞİTLERİNİN FLORAL GELİŞME DEVRELERİNİN TETKİKİ İLE GÖZLERİN BULUNDUKLARI YERE GÖRE VERİMLİLİĞİN SAPTANMASI VE BU ÇEŞİTLERİN DÖLLENME BİYOLOJiLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ARAŞTIRMALARI
Authors : Ferhat Odabaş
Pages : 0-0
View : 11 | Download : 6
Publication Date : 2010-12-15
Article Type : Research
Abstract :ÖZET Doğu Anadolu'da ayrı bir iklim karakieri gös,teren Erzincan Ov~ında tarımsal gelirin önemli bir kısmı, bölgede yapılan meyvacılık ve bağcılıktan sağlanmaktadır.Ancak, üzüm ye" tiştiriciliğinde teknik bilgi noksanlığı sebebiyle beklenen verim elde edilememektedir. Bu çalışmada; Doğu Anadolunun müstesna' bir iklim adasını teşkil eden Erzincan merkez ilçe'sindeki bağcılığın geliş.. tirilmesine ve verimliliği üstün bir ,düzeye ulaştırmada, önemli üzüm çeşitlerinin tomurcuk yapılarını ve döllenme biyolojilerini inceliyerek, bağcılık yönünden yapılacak teknik ve kültürel çalışmalarına ışık tutmak gayesini gütmüştür. SUMMARY The researoh was carried out in 1972-1973 lin Hasbahçe vineyard of Bayırdağ Village / Üzümlü of the central Town which shows a typical olimatic region for Yine growing iliM is oomparably differant elimate in East AnataHa. The falIow!hg result\ :Were obtained from the investigations on the vaJ1isties werked on viz. Karaerik, Ağrazakr, Kabuğuyufka, Kirlişerfe and Hacıtesbihi. A. The Horal development of tıhe primer buds of the investigated varieties were found in nine phases. Tıhe fallowing differantions were recorded: 1 - The first initiation starts from Mıe .basal eyes and advancesto upper eyes. 19 2 - Before the morphological intitiation 4-6 leaf primordium appear in the buds.. 3 - The time for morphological İntitiation of the varieties ..taken under investigations are 25th. June rol'. Karaerik, Kıirlişerfe and Hacıtesbihi, 28th. June for Kabuğuyufka and 3rd. July for Ağrazakı. 4 - Themorphologtsal initia· Non happens during the biossim· ing in the vİnes. 5 - Thefirst bracte deve1op~ ment 'Was found 7-12 days after the morphologıicalinitiation. 6 - The second dusterprimordium appears in the .btids 715 days after the 4evelopment of the fkst duster. 7 - The ıbuds of Karaerik, Ağrazakı and Kabuğuyufka begin the winter doıımancy at the end of the tıhird phase, wthLle ıin Haeıtesbiihi and K-irlişerfe i~ is at the first begining of the fourth phase: 8 - In the winter domaney period even a slow activity was reeorded in the buds, such as the formatian of flower primordiums and the branehing in the eluster primordiunıs. 9 - l1he breaking of the Mnter -darınaney begins three' weeks before the, bud burst. 10 - The eompletedifferanHatlon of tılıe dusters and the reaehness to the sexsue1 maturit)r of the flowers happen in the second year 40-50 daysa'fter the sprouting. - 11 - The forst f10wer pdmordiums was recorded in Kirlişerfe and Hacıtesbihi befol'e the buds begin 1he winter domaney and in Karaerik, Ağrazakı and Kabuğuyufka it was found when the buds ıbreak the 'winter darmaney. 'Fhese dates for Kirlişerfe, HaeıtesbJhi, Karaeri~, f\ğrazakı and Kabuğuyufka are '4th. Septemıber, 28th. August 6fih. April, 28.th. AprH and 29th March respectively. 12 - The eomplete ,development phases of the sepa!, petal, starnenand the pistill fallows the same order. 13 - The completedevelopment date of the sepal and the petal is lIst. May for all five vadeties. 14 - The exact development of the stamen and pistil happens in 'the' Stn. of J une. B. The fallowing results were -obtained from the investigations of the fruit f:ullness of the primer buds depending upan their lacaHons in ·the varisties taken under investigations. 1 - The ratio of the sprouting buds at the basal.portion of ,the canes is -1ower than the apical bunds. 2 - In the canes pnıned on five buds are maximum .froit fulln;ess .is recorded on the third buds of Karaerik and Kirlişerfe on the fourf buds of Ağrazakı, on the fir.st and third b~ds of Kabuğuyufka and on the fifth buds of Hacıt~&bihİ. C. The realized fruitfullness potenHal in the varieties could be statistical1y,approved from the frultfullness potential estiinatioos done in Autumn and Sprıing. D. The works aıbout the pollination biology of the vari~ties taken under İnvestigations: 1 ..-.- At the same year -in the blossomd1lJg time 5-9 days. differance were recorded in. the varieties from the same region. So that no problem was seen to prevent cross pollinatian of the vıarie· ties in their flowering time. 2 - Dnder Erzincan conditions 1:he volour changing of the grap.es is arot.md 25th. af August the rİpeıııİng (for eating) of the grapes is on' ı ıst. of September. Accoııding to .the date of the colour changing of the grapes, Kir1işerfe and Hacıtesbihi coıild be classified as earlyand KaraeTik, Ağrazakı, Kabuğuyufka . as Iate vadeties. 3 - The pbllens were gennin- ~ ated in % ıd, 15, 20, 25. sugar oonoentratİons ans differences were· found 'between their genninatian percentages. lt was recerded that the ,pollens from the flow flower·s of KirIrşeııfe and Hacı tesbİni varie.ties 'were not germin3ted in any one of the sugar OOncentrations. 4 - In hemıapheodite v,arieties (Karaerik, Ağrazakı, Kabuğuyufka) there found to be statistical dfufferences lin germlnation ratios in different sugar ooncentra1İons. The best germination in Karaerik was at % 25 :sugar concentratian (% 42,5) in Ağrazakı and Kaıbuguyufka was at % 20 sugar concentration (% 50.0). were record:ed. 5 - In hermapheodite varieHes (Kıaraerik,~ Ağraza~ı, ~abuı ğuyufka) a good fer.tilization was recorded fr.om selfing, so it was faund ,that for these varietis no extra pollinaıtion -is necessary. 6 -'In cross br~dirı,g works, the best male variety for morphoIogioaI hemıaphecdite and physo10gicaI female varieties. are Karaerik for Kirlİşerfe and Ağrazakı for Hacıtesbihi. 7 - 1:t was fourd that Karaerik, Ağrazakı, Kirlişerfe and Hacıtesbihi grape varietes are incline for partenoçarpy. 8 - The varieties .that we worked on showed ıdifference about the shedding of nowers and sman berrles. AmOlig them only in Kabuğuyufka v.arietytlhe flower shedding was max~mum wdth % 77. 9 - Seedindex compatasion was dohe between the varieties and in Hiacıtesbihi aBd Kabuğuyufka ıseed index Was föuİın at 60 ratio. These two varieties couId be used at breeding material for obtaining biger berry crossbreds However as Hacıtesbihi do not need castratian in crossbreeding no a female variety (Morphological hermaphoodite, physological female) in practire they have importance from t'he point of breeding works.Keywords :