- Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi
- Vol: 4 Issue: 3
- DOĞU ANADOLU'DAN TOPLANAN KAFKAS ÜÇGÜLÜ (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) ÖRNEKLERİNİN KROMOZOM SAYILARI...
DOĞU ANADOLU'DAN TOPLANAN KAFKAS ÜÇGÜLÜ (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) ÖRNEKLERİNİN KROMOZOM SAYILARI ve BAZI MORFOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors : Ismet Baysal
Pages : 0-0
View : 8 | Download : 2
Publication Date : 2010-12-14
Article Type : Research
Abstract :Doğu Anadolu'dan toplanan kafkas üçgülü örnekleri, poliploid formların tesbiti için, kök uçlarında kromazam sayımı yapılmak üzere saksılarda köklendirildi. Köklendirilen bitkilerden alınan kök udannın doymuş poradichlorobenzene eriyiğinde S-lO°C sıcaklıkta 3 saat beklettikten sonra aseto-orsem-hidroklorik asit ile boyanmasından iyi sonuç alınmıştır. Kromozom sayımı sonunda kafkas üçgülünün diploid (2n=16), tetraploid ve hekzaploid formlarının Doğu Anadolu'da doğalolarak yetiştiği ilk defa tesbit edilmiştir. Morfolojik karakter/er bakımından bitkilerin kromozom sayısı arttıkça ortalama değer/erde de bir artı§ olmuştur. Ancak değerlerin dağılışında formlar arasında genellikle bir geçiş giirülmektedir. Bu durumda adı geçen karektedere göre poliploid formları kesin olarak ayırt etmek mümkün görÜımemektedir. CHROMOSOME COUNTS IN THE ROOT TIPS AND SOME OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF CAUCASIAN CLOVER (Trifolium anibiguum M. Bieb.) COLLECTED FROM EASTERN ANATOLIA Chromosome eounts were made İn the ı oot tips of Caucasian clover collected from eastem Anatolia, in order to determine ploidy level of the plants. The best and rapid preparation was obtained by keeping root tips in the paradiehlorobenzene solution for 3 hours and staining with aeeto-orceinHCL solution (BaysaL, 1966 and 1968). Root tips obtained from the pla,nts, which were growing in the pots, were put into a saturated paradichlorobenzene saluıion for 3 hours at 8-ıo°C. Of the Imm, tip of the roots were cut, cleaned and transferred to a mixture of ı.5 % ateco-orcein and 0.5 normal HCL solution in the proportion of 10 to I. The root tips were heated over a name up to boiling points (5-10 seconds) and than were left for cooling. The root tips were transferred to one drop 45 % acetic acid and squashed. For practically permenant slide, a smalll drop orı ü % glycerine in 45 % acetic acid (Rattenbury, 1956) was placed at the margin ofthe CQverslip and allowed to now undeı as the aqueous portions evaporates. If bubbles appeaı after a day or two, another drop of the glycerine solution may be added. After the chromosome couting, polyploid series of diploid (2n=16), tetraploid and hexaploid forms of Caucasian clover were established. This was done for the fırst time among the p1ant materials colleeted from eastem Anato1ia. B. Morphologicat characters 1. Middle leaflet length, width and index (lengthfwidth) and length of stoma and stipu/e: Mean values of these characters increased with p10idy. However an overplapping in· the ranges showed that these characters will not be positive criterion, for establishing the ploidy leve1 of a giyen planL - The mean middle /eaflet legıh was 32.9±2.25 in diploids, 40.2±2.-58 in tetraploids and 58.1 +0.94 mm. in hexaploids. The range of this value was from 24.7 to 62.5 mm. in tetraploids. Diploid and hexaploid mean values were within this range. The mean midd/e leaflet ıvidlh was 18.3±0.88 in diploids, 16.8±O.l4 ın tetraploids, and 24. ı ±0.51 mm. in hexaploids: Tne mean middle leajlet index was 1.8±0.02 in dipolids, 2.4±0.05 in tetraploids and 2.4±0.33 in hexaploids . Minİmum index value (1.3) was in diploids and maxumim (3.4) in tetraploids. The mean stoma /engtlı was 21. 8±0.05 microns in diploids, 24.7±0.01 microns in tetraploids, and 33.1 ±O.02 microns i? bexaploids. it migth be possible to identify the bexaploids, from 64 other two forms, wİtb greater mean value and range (31.4-34.2 microns). 2. Head length and width and planı heigh/: Varied mean values witb 1'10idyle vels were obtained for these cbaracters. There was an overlap between ploidy levels in the disribution of the values. The mean head length was 29.1 ± 0.46 mm. diploids, 29.±4.021 in tetraploids, and 29.5±0.39 mm. in hexaploids. The mean head width was 25.1 ±0.46 mm. diploids, 23.8±0.10 in tetrapIoids and 29.5±0.39 mm. in bexapIoids. The mean plant height was 12.3± 0.76 cm. in dip10ids, 9.3±0.43 cm. in tetraploids and 28.5±0.64 cm. in hexaploids. There were erect, semi erect and prostrate, pJants in dip10ds and tetrapIoids. All hexaploids were erect. 3. FIOlver and pistil length, ca/yx length and width, calyx teeth /ength and pal/en grain size: VaIues obtaincd for these cabaracters varied with 1'10idy level of plants. The mean f/over length was 12.7± 0.11 mm. in diploids, 12.3±ü.04 in tetrap10ids and 16.2±O.15 in hexaploids. Pisti! length and width and calyy: teeth /engt mean values: in diploids mean values of calyx lengtb (5'-1 ±O.OS mm.) and clayx teeth length (2.1 ±O.O1) were greater tban tetraploids (4.3±0.03 and 1.3±0.01 mm. resepc.tİvely); mean calyx width in tctraploids (I-.9±0.01 mm.) was graetar tb an diploids (1.8± 0.05 mm.) Mean calyx length and width, and calyx teeth !ength of hexaploids (6.9±0.09, 2.6±0.03, 2.6±00.2 respectively) were greater then the other two fonns.· These charcateristics can be used to distinguish hexaploids from other two fonn. Average pol/en grain size was 29. 1±0.04 microns in diploids 32.2±0.01 microns in tetraploids and 35.1 ±0.03 microns in hexaploids.Keywords :