الاستشھاد في اللغة العربیة

Authors : Mustafa Kirgiz, Yaseen Jammol

Pages : 77-103

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Publication Date : 2017-12-27

Article Type : Research

Abstract :Quoting in Arabic language are extensively used in Arabic language books. This makes these books crowded with words such as: As-shahed (the quote that proves a language usage in specific context), Methaal (example of usage), Al-hujja (the proof of the correctness) or expressions such as: "It has more flexibility to have quotes from modernized resources in the context of Al-ma’anee (semantics studies)”, " only classic resources are applicable in the field of …. , where modernized ones are not acceptable”, "this quote was confirmed to be used as a proof of the language usage in this context”, or "quoting from this poem is not acceptable since the poet’s trip is not recognized to be quoted from” …. etc. Quoting is one of the most important field of study in Arabic language where it plays a key role on building and validating the language rules in different fields such as syntax, morphology, and rhetoric. This is by studying the standards that determine the validity of quoting a given text (from Arabic reference) in order to be used as a foundation to form language rules in the Arabic language. Due to its importance, quoting has been extensively studied in literature and many ancient and recent references have tickled this topic. Numerous number of books have implicitly studied this topic and many research papers have either wholly discussed quoting or one of its aspects. The main question is "Does all Arabic sayings are valid to be quoted”. Moreover, due to the long history of Arabs a second question is raised up: "at what point of the timeline of Arab history, Arabic text can be still quoted?”, and why the speech of some Arabic tripes can be quoted while it is not the case for the others? And since Arabic language contains several types of speech such as poem and prose, Quran and Ḥadīth, does all are valid to be quoted and are all equal in quoting rules. And do these different types of speech are equal to quote in all linguistic sciences or some type can be used for quoting on one field while the other cannot? And some fields are more restricted than the others? This field of study tries to answer all the above questions, by putting an accurate criterion which based on many factors such as the time and the geographical location where this Arabic saying is recorded. This research (Quoting in Arabic Language) surveyed all related works in literature including ancient works and recent researches. Furthermore, the research questions stated above are also investigated and related terms, definitions and research topics in the field are addressed and highlighted. Finally, the researcher pointed out that the awareness of ancient Arabs to protect their language lead them to rigorously deal with quoting issues. Thus the researcher recommends to revise previous works in order to be adapted with the current needs without diluting the case.
Keywords : Arabic language, Quran and Ḥadīth