Bitki Sekonder Metabolitlerinin Sağlık Üzerine Fonksiyonel Etkileri

Authors : Taha Gökmen Ülger, Nurcan Yabanci Ayhan

Pages : 384-390

View : 33 | Download : 13

Publication Date : 2020-09-01

Article Type : Other

Abstract :Some types of secondary compounds, which are generally classified into 4 groups as phenolic compounds, terpenes-steroids, alkaloids and organosulfur compounds are critical for both medicine and pharmacy since they show anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects, have protective effects against cardiovascular diseases and cancer and have a variety of positive effects on health. It has been revealed that some phenolic compounds have cardioprotective effects by inhibiting the oxidation of lipoproteins, exhibiting hypocholesterolemic effect, reducing atherosclerosis risk, inhibiting platelet aggregation, improving vascular function, protecting the metabolism against inflammation and oxidative stress. Besides, some secondary compounds such as sulfurous compounds and flavonoids have beneficial effects on diabetes-related hyperglycemia and abnormal lipid profile and consequently, may be protective against diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. Some phenolic compounds and alkaloids have also been shown to demonstrate the anticarcinogenic activity by inhibiting carcinogenesis to DNA, having a protective effect against oxidative DNA damage, normalizing altered cell signaling leading to inhibition of malignant transformation, and inhibiting the growth and metastatic potential of cancer cells. A greater number of secondary metabolites have been discovered thanks to the development of bioreactor technology and the use of plant secondary metabolites has begun to be used more in drug production. However, rather than extract and nutraceutical forms of secondary metabolites, which are effective not only in the treatment of the diseases but also maintaining health and avoiding diseases, it may be more beneficial to consume natural forms of them with fruits and vegetables. The clinical course of a disease can be improved by recommending vegetables and fruits which are rich in secondary metabolites, whose functional activity is known in the medical nutritional recommendations for diseases. Studies evaluating the functional efficacy of different secondary metabolites against diseases may also be useful in terms of patient and disease-specific medical nutrition recommendations
Keywords : Secondary compounds, phenolic compounds, terpenes-steroids, alkaloids, organosulfur compounds