A note on the unit distance problem for planar configurations with $\mathbb{Q}$-independent direction set

Authors : Mark Herman, Jonathan Pakianathan

Pages : 913-930

View : 12 | Download : 9

Publication Date : 9999-12-31

Article Type : Makaleler

Abstract :Let $T(n)$ denote the maximum number of unit distances that a set of $n$ points in the Euclidean plane $\mathbb{R}^2$ can determine with the additional condition that the distinct unit length directions determined by the configuration must be $\mathbb{Q}$-independent. This is related to the Erd\"os unit distance problem but with a simplifying additional assumption on the direction set that holds ``generically''. We show that $T(n+1)-T(n)$ is the Hamming weight of $n$, i.e. the number of nonzero binary coefficients in the binary expansion of $n$, and find a formula for $T(n)$ explicitly. In particular, $T(n)$ is $\Theta(n log(n))$. Furthermore, we describe a process to construct a set of $n$ points in the plane with $\mathbb{Q}$-independent unit length direction set that achieves exactly $T(n)$ unit distances. In the process of doing this, we show $T(n)$ is also the same as the maximum number of edges a subset of vertices of size $n$ determines in either the countably infinite lattice $\mathbb{Z}^{\infty}$ or the infinite hypercube graph $\{0,1\}^{\infty}$. The problem of determining $T(n)$ can be viewed as either a type of packing or isoperimetric problem.
Keywords : Unit distance problem, discrete combinatorics, isoperimetric problems