Acquisition of boron tolerance by salt pretreatment in two sunflower cultivars

Authors : Yasemin Ekmekçi, Şeküre Çulha Erdal, Ayşe Suna Balkan Nalçaiyi, Nuran Çiçek

Pages : 153-166

View : 17 | Download : 9

Publication Date : 9999-12-31

Article Type : Makaleler

Abstract :This study was carried out to investigate the ameliorative effects of salt pretreatment against B toxicity in two sunflower cultivars (Helianthus annuus L. `Sanbro? and `Tarsan-1018?) differing in salt tolerance. Seedlings were grown in perlite with modified half-strength Hoagland?s solution for 15 days and then they were divided into two groups: salt-pretreated (75 mM NaCl for 5 days) and B-treated (control, 2, 4, and 8 mM B for 10 days). In both cultivars, the biomass of root and shoot decreased depending on B accumulation, especially at 8 mM. The translocation factor values indicated that B uptaken by roots of the genotypes were translocated to the leaves. High B accumulation adversely affected the water balance and membrane integrity of the leaves. Additionally, toxic B levels caused changes in the some JIP tests and slow fluorescence parameters (ABS/RC, TR0/RC, ET0/RC, RE0/RC, DI0/RC, Area, ?E0, ?R0 and jD0, ?PSII, ETR) of both cultivars and these changes led to a significant decrease in photosynthetic performance (PIABS and PITOTAL). Salt pretreatment ameliorated the damaging effects of toxic B on membrane integrity, water content, and the photosynthetic process; decreased B accumulation; and improved the membrane stability. Both cultivars acquired tolerance against B toxicity with salt pretreatment and survived in increasing boron toxicity. We conclude that sunflower can be used for phytoremediation purposes for boron-contaminated soils. Additionally, this study is the first report to reveal that moderate salt stress pretreatment alleviates B toxicity and provides tolerance to B. This alleviation might be achieved by NaCl to decrease the boron uptake from the roots.
Keywords : Boron toxicity, JIP test, photochemical activity, salt pretreatment, slow and fast chlorophyll a fluorescence, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)