The Effect of Heterosis on Yield Components of Opium (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars and Their Reciprocal Crosses

Authors : Sezen Dogramaci, Neset Arslan

Pages : 84-91

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Publication Date : 2019-08-01

Article Type : Research

Abstract :Seven varieties of poppy ( Papaver somniferum  L.) registered in the National Cultivar List. By using their reciprocal crosses, heterosis on capsule yield, seed yield, morphine content and morphine yield was investigated. Experiments were conducted in the experimental fields of Opium Alkaloids Factory during the years 2009 and 2010. Heterosis effect of poppy varieties; capsule yield in terms of -56.76 to 95.81% , seed yield in terms of -57.40 to 89.29%, morphine content in terms of -13.21 to 15.70%, morphine yield in terms of -58.21 - 95.53% showed variation between. Higher heterosis ratios were observed in capsule-seed yields of the hybrids of parents TMO 3 and Kocatepe 96 and in morphine content yields of the hybrids of the parents Ofis 96, Afyonkalesi 95 and Kemerkaya 95.
Keywords : Heterosis, Poppy, Papaver somniferum L.