- Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences
- Vol: 13 Issue: 1
- Clinical and Biochemical Effects of Smoking on Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Grade III Stage...
Clinical and Biochemical Effects of Smoking on Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Grade III Stage C Periodontitis Patients
Authors : Volkan Arikan, Nimet Gül Görgülü, Başak Doğan
Pages : 218-227
Doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1128101
View : 8 | Download : 3
Publication Date : 2023-03-28
Article Type : Research
Abstract :Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on clinical parameters and the serum and saliva levels of RANKL, OPG, and IL-34 in periodontitis stage III grade C (III-C) patients after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). Methods: A total of 60 subjects, 40 periodontitis-III-C patients (20 smokers and 20 non-smokers) and 20 non-smoker periodontally healthy individuals, were included. All clinical periodontal parameters were recorded, and unstimulated saliva and serum samples were collected from all patients at baseline, but at 1 and 3 months only from periodontitis patients (N=40). Saliva and serum levels of RANKL, OPG, and IL-34 were analyzed by ELISA. Results: At baseline only whole mouth probing depth (PD) and percent of sites with PD>5mm were higher in smokers than non-smoker periodontitis patients (p .05). Only saliva IL-34 levels were higher in all-periodontitis patients than healthy individuals (p=.001) and decreased in both periodontitis groups after NSPT (p<.05). Moreover, elevated serum RANKL level was detected in smokers compared to nonsmoker periodontitis or healthy ones at baseline (p<.05). Serum RANKL levels exhibited no change after NSPT in either periodontitis groups. Conclusions: The smokers are less responsive to NSPT, and saliva IL-34 can be a potential inflammatory marker of periodontitis-III-C. Moreover, high serum RANKL levels are associated with smoking.Keywords : periodontitis, smoking, interleukin-34, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand, osteoprotegerin