- Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
- Vol: 23 Issue: 5
- A 3D model for the formation of turtleback surfaces: the Horzum Turtleback of western Turkey as a ca...
A 3D model for the formation of turtleback surfaces: the Horzum Turtleback of western Turkey as a case study
Authors : Gürol Seyitoğlu, Veysel Işik, Korhan Esat
Pages : 479-494
Doi:10.3906/yer-1401-23
View : 5 | Download : 2
Publication Date : 9999-12-31
Article Type : Makaleler
Abstract :Turtleback surfaces are common elements of highly extended terrains all over the world. This paper presents a 3D model explaining the formation of turtleback surfaces based on field observations made on the Horzum Turtleback of the Alaşehir graben, western Turkey. Three essential features have been determined as forming a turtleback surface. These are 1) the rolling hinge mechanism on a normal fault system, where the initial fault stays operational after forming second and third normal faults in its hanging wall; 2) relay ramps between initial fault segments; and 3) a synextensional intrusion on the shear zone of the initial normal fault at midcrustal level. The strike-slip tectonic setting is not among the essential features as suggested recently for Death Valley turtlebacks.Keywords : Turtleback, extension, normal fault, Death Valley, western Turkey, graben