- Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology
- Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2
- Non-Coding RNAs in Plant Stress Responses and Their Implications for Agriculture
Non-Coding RNAs in Plant Stress Responses and Their Implications for Agriculture
Authors : Büşra Yirmibeş, Nur Ülger
Pages : 52-63
View : 54 | Download : 52
Publication Date : 2023-12-31
Article Type : Other
Abstract :Agriculture\'s global significance encompasses food security, economic growth, preservation of biological diversity, and employment generation. However, the stresses such as abiotic and biotic stresses generate substantial challenges in terms of crop yield and quality. Plants respond to these stressors by means of physiological and genetic mechanisims. Notably, small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), play essential regulatory roles in adaptation to these stresses. Abiotic stresses include temperature, drought, and salinity and leading to changes in miRNA expression levels. miRNAs like miR167, miR159, and miR171 actively participate in salt, drought, and cold stress responses. Similarly, miR395 responds to sulfate deficiency stress, while miR399 is involved in phosphate homeostasis. Some biotic stresses, like pathogen infections, also affect miRNA modulation and resistance mechanisms siRNAs effectively contribute resistance to biotic stress such as pathogen, bacteria, fungi, virus and abiotic stresses. Virus-derived siRNAs (vsiRNAs) activate plant immunity, and on the other hand, in vitro synthesized siRNAs can be used in controlling pest. Heat stress triggers differential siRNA expression, particularly associated with flowering regulation, while plant species exhibiting drought tolerance display pronounced siRNA regulations in response to water deficiency. In conclusion, understanding plant responses to adverse stress conditions is pivotal for advancing plant resilience, yield, and quality. ncRNAs like miRNAs and siRNAs are key molecular players in these adaptation processes. When combined with gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, these approaches offer promising strategies for developing stress-tolerant agricultural products. These strategies hold significant potential in supporting sustainable agriculture and addressing global food security challenges.Keywords : Tarım, miRNA, siRNA, bitki stresi